THE KILL DATE AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL TO INCREASE COVER CROPS BENEFITS IN WATER QUALITY & NITROGEN RECYCLING
|
|
|
- Andrew Knight
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 THE KILL DATE AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL TO INCREASE COVER CROPS BENEFITS IN WATER QUALITY & NITROGEN RECYCLING María ALONSO-AYUSO José Luis GABRIEL Miguel QUEMADA Technical University of Madrid (Spain)
2 INDEX Introduction Materials & Methods Results Conclusions
3 INTRODUCTION COVER CROP Environmental services Water infiltration increase Recycle Nitrogen Nutrient supply Soil organic carbon increase Soil erosion reduction Weed control.. in interrows spaces COMPETENCE WITH CASH CROP MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE! in a rotation, substituting fallow period
4 INTRODUCTION...AUTUMN.. WINTER... SPRING.. SUMMER... CASH CROP HARVEST CASH CROP PLANTING BARE SOIL - FALLOW CASH CROP COVER CROP CASH CROP (Cover crop residues) CC sowing Cover crop killing date Effect on: -Water and N absorbed - Mulch quantity & quality - N and water cycles NITROGEN AND WATER COMPETITION
5 OBJECTIVES Combined study of cover crop growth, ground cover and water and N dynamics Effect of the kill date on: Growth and N content of cover crop (CC) Cover crop chemical composition and residue quality Soil organic N dynamics and potentially mineralizable N The soil water content.
6 MATERIALS & METHODS -La Chimenea field station Aranjuez, Madrid (40 03 N, W) - Typic Calcixerept soil - Climate: semiarid Mediterranean
7 MATERIALS & METHODS Experimental design Two-year experiment Treatments FA4 FK3 FK4 SK3 SK4 FA3 FA fallow FK- first kill SK- second kill 30% barley + 70 % vetch 48 m FA2 FK2 SK Sowing October 6th October 8th FK date March 13th March 14th SK date April 9th April 10th SK1 FA1 FK1 Hypothetical cash crop planting date : April 30th 45 m (*) Killing method glyphosate (2%) + shredder
8 MATERIALS & METHODS Experimental design Two-year experiment Treatments FA4 FK3 FK4 SK3 SK4 FA3 FA fallow FK- first kill SK- second kill 30% barley + 70 % vetch 48 m FA2 FK2 SK Sowing October 6th October 8th FK date March 13th March 14th SK date April 9th April 10th SK1 FA1 FK1 Hypothetical cash crop planting date : April 30th 45 m (*) Killing method glyphosate (2%) + shredder
9 MATERIALS & METHODS Variables measured Ground cover (%) Aerial biomass %C, %N Residue quality Atmospheric N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization Soil water content
10 MATERIALS & METHODS Variables measured Ground cover (%) Aerial biomass %C, %N Residue quality Atmospheric N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization Soil water content
11 MATERIALS & METHODS Variables measured Ground cover (%) Aerial biomass %C, %N Residue quality Atmospheric N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization Soil water content
12 MATERIALS & METHODS Variables measured Ground cover (%) Aerial biomass %C, %N Residue quality Atmospheric N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization Soil water content
13 RESULTS Cover crop ground cover 80% ground cover attained the first date To delay the CC kill date did not increment ground cover
14 RESULTS Cover crop ground cover Nov. 80% ground cover attained the first date To delay the CC kill date did not increment ground cover
15 Fiber content C/N RESULTS Cover crop growth & residue properties Biomass (kg ha -1 ) N content (kg ha -1 ) Residue left (kg ha -1 ) First kill date b (10) a Second kill date a (12.9) b b a b a Kill date affected aerial biomass To delay the kill date provided more residues resistent to decomposition 0 FK SK 10 Fallow FK (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
16 Fiber content C/N RESULTS Cover crop growth & residue properties Biomass (kg ha -1 ) N content (kg ha -1 ) Residue left (kg ha -1 ) First kill date b (10) a Second kill date a (12.9) b b a b a Kill date affected aerial biomass To delay the kill date provided more residues resistent to decomposition 0 FK SK 10 Fallow FK (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
17 N mineralization potential (mg N kg soil -1 ) RESULTS N mineralization potential b ab a Fallow FK SK CC contribute to the enhancement of labile soil organic pools by Root exudation & root turnover Residue decomposition
18 RESULTS Soil inorganic nitrogen (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
19 RESULTS Soil inorganic nitrogen Sampling prior to experiment starting
20 RESULTS Soil inorganic nitrogen Sampling after cover crop killing in Spring Sampling after cover crop killing in Spring
21 RESULTS Soil inorganic nitrogen Sampling after mulch period Sampling after mulch period
22 RESULTS Soil inorganic nitrogen After cover crop period Cover crops N leaching risk decrease Early kill date more time for residue decomposition before cash crop sowing Later kill date N pre-emptive competition (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
23 RESULTS Soil inorganic nitrogen After mulch period Cover crops Nitrogen recycling effect Leaching risk decrease (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
24 Volumentric soil water content RESULTS Soil water content
25 Volumetric soil water content RESULTS Soil water content Mid March (FK date) Cover crops water extraction in March, fallow soil water content was greater. Cover crop treatments led to water risk competition?? (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
26 Volumentric soil water content RESULTS Soil water content Cash crop planting moment Mulch reduced soil water evaporation Dry years water extraction by the cover crop killed later more dominant than water conservation effect Water pre-emptive competition increase by SK treatment (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
27 Volumentric soil water content RESULTS Soil water content Cash crop planting moment Mulch reduced soil water evaporation Dry years water extraction by the cover crop killed later more dominant than water conservation effect Water pre-emptive competition increase by SK treatment (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
28 Volumentric soil water content RESULTS Soil water content Cash crop planting moment Mulch reduced soil water evaporation Dry years water extraction by the cover crop killed later more dominant than water conservation effect Water pre-emptive competition increase by SK treatment (Alonso-Ayuso et al. 2014, Plos One)
29 CONCLUSIONS A delay in the cover crop killing allowed more growth that resulted in a bigger amount of residues in the soil and more resistant to decomposition. Cover crop showed an effect in scavenging available N from the soil profile and recycling it. Nitrogen leaching risk during autumn-winter was decreased, regardless of termination date. A delay in the cover crop kill date increased the N pre-emptive competition. In dry years, this delay can cause also a water pre-emptive competition with the cash crop: the water absorption by the living crop is bigger than the mulch effect of reducing evaporation. The mulch effect of water evaporation decrease was clear for the cover crop residues for an early kill date and for late kill date in rainy years or when irrigation exist.
30 CONCLUSIONS A delay in the cover crop killing allowed more growth that resulted in a bigger amount of residues in the soil and more resistant to decomposition. Cover crop showed an effect in scavenging available N from the soil profile and recycling it. Nitrogen leaching risk during autumn-winter was decreased, regardless of termination date. A delay in the cover crop kill date increased the N pre-emptive competition. In dry years, this delay can cause also a water pre-emptive competition with the cash crop: the water absorption by the living crop is bigger than the mulch effect of reducing evaporation. The mulch effect of water evaporation decrease was clear for the cover crop residues for an early kill date and for late kill date in rainy years or when irrigation exist.
31 CONCLUSIONS A delay in the cover crop killing allowed more growth that resulted in a bigger amount of residues in the soil and more resistant to decomposition. Cover crop showed an effect in scavenging available N from the soil profile and recycling it. Nitrogen leaching risk during autumn-winter was decreased, regardless of termination date. A delay in the cover crop kill date increased the N pre-emptive competition. In dry years, this delay can cause also a water pre-emptive competition with the cash crop: the water absorption by the living crop is bigger than the mulch effect of reducing evaporation. The mulch effect of water evaporation decrease was clear for the cover crop residues for an early kill date and for late kill date in rainy years or when irrigation exist.
32 CONCLUSIONS A delay in the cover crop killing allowed more growth that resulted in a bigger amount of residues in the soil and more resistant to decomposition. Cover crop showed an effect in scavenging available N from the soil profile and recycling it. Nitrogen leaching risk during autumn-winter was decreased, regardless of termination date. A delay in the cover crop kill date increased the N pre-emptive competition. In dry years, this delay can cause also a water pre-emptive competition with the cash crop: the water absorption by the living crop is bigger than the mulch effect of reducing evaporation. The mulch effect of water evaporation decrease was clear for the cover crop residues for an early kill date and for late kill date in rainy years or when irrigation exist.
33 CONCLUSIONS Killing date is a management tool crucial to maximize cover crops benefits in the ecosystem. In semiarid regions, an early kill date is recommended in order to reduce water and N competition risk with the subsequent cash crop.
34 Thank you for your attention
35 More results Residue quality CC kill date delay more residues more resistent to decomposition
36 More results Residue quality % NDF % ADF % L C/N FK SK FK SK FK SK FK SK Barley 45.5 (0.58) b (1.02) a 17.3 (0.45) b (1.04) a 1.22 (0.17) b 2.91 (0.54) a 18.1 (1.23) b 21.2 (0.48) a Vetch 37.4 (1.1) b 41.5 (0.74) a 17.1 (0.97) b 20.9 (0.73) a 4.83 (0.48) 5.91 (0.64) 11.1 (0.16) b 11.7 (0.17) a Mixture 43.4 (0.35) b 53.3 (1.62) a 17.3 (0.57) b 21.9 (0.8) a 2.19 (0.28) b 3.63 (0.22) a 16.2 (0.95) b 19.3 (0.78) a FK SK FK SK FK SK FK SK Barley 50.9 (0.72) b 59.1 (1.85) a 24.6 (0.54) b 29.9 (1.45) a 1.69 (0.23) 2.17 (0.23) 15.1 (1.11) b 20.1 (1.72) a Vetch (0.39) b 42.8 (1.23) a 23.9 (0.53) b 26 (0.5) a 6.98 (0.31) 6.59 (0.37) 9.8 (0.09) b 10.5 (0.22) a Mixture 45.6 (0.59) b 54.4 (1.09) a 24.3 (0.51) b 28.8 (0.95) a 3.69 (0.21) 3.45 (0.05) 13.1 (0.76) b 17.4 (1.34) a CC kill date delay more residues more resistent to decomposition
37 RESULTS Potential N mineralization N 0 greater in CC treatment CC contribute to soil organic matter increase
38 More Materials & Methods Variables measured Ground cover (GC) Aerial biomass o 2-week cover photos o Digital analysis SigmaScan Pro software (Karcher and Richardson, 2001) % C and N Residue quality N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization potential Soil water content o GC evolution adjusted to the Gompertz function (Bodner et al., 2001)
39 More Materials & Methods Variables measured Ground cover (GC) Aerial biomass o 2-week cover photos o Digital analysis SigmaScan Pro software (Karcher and Richardson, 2001) % C and N Residue quality N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization potential Soil water content o GC evolution adjusted to the Gompertz function (Bodner et al., 2001)
40 More Materials & Methods Variables measured Ground cover (GC) Aerial biomass % C and N Residue quality N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization potential o Determined at the kill moment o % C and N (Dumas combustion method) o Residue quality (Goering & Van Soest, 1970) NDF: Nitrogen Detergent Fiber ADF: Acid Detergent Fiber L: Lignin o N fixation δ 15 N ( ) determination (Europa Scientific IRMS Analyser, Crewe, UK) Natural abundance method Reference: barley as a sole crop in an adjacent field (Unkovich et al., 2008) Soil water content
41 More Materials & Methods Variables measured Ground cover (GC) Aerial biomass % C and N Residue quality N fixation Soil N mineralization potential Soil inorganic N content Soil water content o SK date, 2013 o Subsample (20 cm depth) o Aerobic incubation (Standford & Smith, 1957) o 10-week o N t = N 0 exp (-k t) N 0 = soil N mineralization potential k = mineralization rate constant
42 More Materials & Methods Variables measured Ground cover (GC) Aerial biomass % C and N Residue quality N fixation Soil inorganic N content Soil N mineralization potential Soil water content (SWC) o Monitored daily o EnviroScan capacitance probes o Sensors centered at: 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, and 110 cm below the soil surface
43 More Materials & Methods Statistical analysis o Analyses of variance (ANOVA) and t-test o Means separated by Tukey s test (P 0.05) o LSD were calculated for SWC (P 0.05). o Gompertz model was fitted to the GC and the N mineralization potential model was fitted to the cumulative N mineralized using a non-linear regression procedure o PASW Statistics Software
44 CONCLUSIONS
45 REFERENCES Alonso-Ayuso M, Gabriel JL, Quemada M (2014) The kill date as a management tool for cover cropping success. PLoS ONE, 9 (2014), p. e Benincasa P, Tosti G, Tei F, Guiducci M (2010) Actual N Availability from Winter Catch Crops Used for Green Manuring in Maize Cultivation. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 34: Gabriel JL, Quemada M (2011) Replacing bare fallow with cover crops in a maize cropping system: Yield, N uptake and fertilizer rate. European Journal of Agronomy 34: Gabriel JL, Lizaso JI, Quemada M (2010) Laboratory versus field calibration of capacitance probes. Soil Science Society ofamerica Journal 74: Ramirez-Garcia J, Almendros P, Quemada M (2012) Ground cover and leaf area index relationship in a grass, legume and crucifer crop. Plant Soil and Environment 58: 385:390. Thorup-Kristensen K, Magid J, Jensen LS (2003) Catch crops and green manures as biological tools in nitrogen management in temperate zones. Advances inagronomy 79: Stubbs TL, Kennedy AC, Reisenauer PE, Burns JW (2009) Chemical Composition of Residue from Cereal Crops and Cultivars in Dryland Ecosystems. Agronomy Journal 101:
ENERGY IN FERTILIZER AND PESTICIDE PRODUCTION AND USE
Farm Energy IQ Conserving Energy in Nutrient Use and Pest Control INTRODUCTION Fertilizers and pesticides are the most widely used sources of nutrients and pest control, respectively. Fertilizer and pesticides
Data Mining and Meta-analysis as Tools to Evaluate the Impact of Management Practices on Dynamic Soil Properties
Data Mining and Meta-analysis as Tools to Evaluate the Impact of Management Practices on Dynamic Soil Properties Carmen Ugarte, Michelle M. Wander University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign National Cooperative
Can Grazing Make Organic No-Till Possible?
Can Grazing Make Organic No-Till Possible? Harun Cicek, Caroline Halde, Kristen Podolsky, Martin Entz, Keith Bamford, Joanne Thiessen Martens and David Feindel WCCA, Winnipeg 2014 ICARDA reduced tillage
FARMING FOR THE FUTURE How mineral fertilizers can feed the world and maintain its resources in an Integrated Farming System
How mineral fertilizers can feed the world and maintain its resources in an Integrated Farming System european fertilizer manufacturers association Global trends in population growth (Population 1000 million),
Advanced Soil Organic Matter Management
Extension Bulletin E-3137 New February 2011 Advanced Soil Organic Matter Management Managing Soils Soil organic matter (SOM) is the foundation for productive soil. It promotes healthy crops, supplies resources
NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IMPACTS ON WHEAT YIELD AND PROTEIN. Steve Orloff, Steve Wright and Mike Ottman 1 ABSTRACT
NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IMPACTS ON WHEAT YIELD AND PROTEIN Steve Orloff, Steve Wright and Mike Ottman 1 ABSTRACT There is no other nutrient as important as nitrogen (N) to attain high yields of wheat with
Maize is a major cereal grown and consumed in Uganda and in the countries of Kenya, Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda
Maize Production in Uganda Farmers have improved maize yields from 1,000Kg/ha to 3,000-5,000 Kg/ha using the recommended technologies Maize is a major cereal grown and consumed in Uganda and in the countries
GROUNDWATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT CONTROLS
GROUNDWATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT CONTROLS The following controls shall be utilized in the appropriate phase areas in order to manage those activities having an effect on groundwater quality. 1. PHASE I AREAS:
Ruminant Preference for Bermudagrass Hay With and Without Exposure to Swine Lagoon Effluent
Ruminant Preference for Bermudagrass Hay With and Without Exposure to Swine Lagoon Effluent North Carolina Cooperative Extension North Carolina Agricultural Research Service Technical Bulletin 339 November
Soil Management and Fertilization Process
Vorstellung des Fachgebiets Umweltchemie Dr. Mirjam Helfrich 04.06.08 Department of Environmental Chemistry Dynamics of nutrients and pollutants in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, and biosphere
What is Conservation Agriculture?
What is Conservation Agriculture? CA is a concept for resource-saving agricultural crop production that strives to achieve acceptable profits together with high and sustained production levels while concurrently
Adapt-N Guided Hands-on Exercise
Adapt-N Guided Hands-on Exercise Pointers: Use Mozilla Firefox as your browser. Do not use the BACK button. Make sure to input your locations as 2012 locations (not 2013). Make sure to input a Season End
III. THE MICROBIAL BIOMASS
III. THE MICROBIAL BIOMASS Required Readings: Ley, R.E., D.A. Lipson and S.K. Schmidt. 2001. Microbial biomass levels in barren and vegetated high altitude talus soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 65:111 117.
Which of the following can be determined based on this model? The atmosphere is the only reservoir on Earth that can store carbon in any form. A.
Earth s Cycles 1. Models are often used to explain scientific knowledge or experimental results. A model of the carbon cycle is shown below. Which of the following can be determined based on this model?
Onderzoeksopdracht Beste landbouwpraktijken van teelten in combinatie met nateelten/vanggewassen
Onderzoeksopdracht Beste landbouwpraktijken van teelten in combinatie met nateelten/vanggewassen Eindrapport 2 oktober 2014 Consortium Universiteit Gent ILVO Plant Inagro Bodemkundige Dienst van België
What Is Humic Acid? Where Does It Come From?
What Is Humic Acid? Humic and Fulvic acids are the final break-down constituents of the natural decay of plant and animal materials. These organic acids are found in pre-historic deposits. Humic matter
Speaker Summary Note
2020 CONFERENCE MAY 2014 Session: Speaker: Speaker Summary Note Building Resilience by Innovating and Investing in Agricultural Systems Mark Rosegrant Director, Environment and Production Technology Division
Nature and Science, 3(1), 2005, Wang, et al, Water-saving and Anti-drought
Nature and Science, 3(1),, Wang, et al, Water-saving and Anti-drought Water-saving and Anti-drought Combined Technological Measures Influences on Maize Yield Formation Factors and Water Utilization Efficiency
Environmental Outcomes of Conservation Agriculture in North Italy
Environmental Outcomes of Conservation Agriculture in North Italy Stefano Brenna ERSAF Regional Agency for Agriculture and Forests of Lombardy (Italy) 6th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture Winnipeg,
Improve and protect your soil
Improve and protect your soil Green Manure, Catch and Cover Crops Green Manure Blends SAATEN UNION are the market leaders in Europe for catch and cover crops and a leading specialist in biological control
Fertility Guidelines for Hops in the Northeast Dr. Heather Darby, University of Vermont Extension Agronomist
Fertility Guidelines for Hops in the Northeast Dr. Heather Darby, University of Vermont Extension Agronomist The increasing acreage of hops in the Northeast has prompted the need for fertility guidelines
African Organic Agriculture Manual Booklet Series No. 4 Soil organic matter management HOW DO I IMPROVE THE SOIL ORGANIC MATTER?
African Organic Agriculture Manual Booklet Series No. 4 Soil organic matter management HOW DO I IMPROVE THE SOIL ORGANIC MATTER? What do I need to know about soil organic mat Soil organic matter is essential
Evaluation of Biofertilizer and Manure Effects on Quantitative Yield of Nigella Sativa L.
Evaluation of Biofertilizer and Manure Effects on Quantitative Yield of Nigella Sativa L. Mohammad Reza Haj Seyed Hadi Fereshteh Ghanepasand Mohammad Taghi Darzi Dept. of Agronomy, Roudehen Branch, Islamic
Ecologically based weed management! Chuck Mohler! Cornell University!
Ecologically based weed management! Chuck Mohler! Cornell University! Outline! Understanding weeds! Behavior of wandering perennials! Tillage and emergence cues! Life and death of weed seeds in the soil!
Water Saving Technology
Water Saving Technology Water Demand & Irrigation Miguel Aguila aguila@gemuese-garten.com Prof. Dr. S. Kleisinger Project for Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency November 6, 2009 EDUCATIONAL AND WORK HISTORY
Toolbox of cost-effective strategies for on-farm reductions in N losses to water N-TOOLBOX KBBE-2008-1-2-08. Final Report. Date: December 2012
Toolbox of cost-effective strategies for on-farm reductions in N losses to water N-TOOLBOX KBBE-2008-1-2-08 Final Report Date: December 2012 Partners: Dr. Julia Cooper, Newcastle University, UK Dr. Miguel
Culture in field conditions - Challenges A South American point of view Roberto Campos Pura Natura, Argentina
A South American point of view Roberto Campos Pura Natura, Argentina EUSTAS 6 th Stevia Symposium Leuven, July 3 rd and 4 th I. Area of cultivation II. Environment III. Production of seedlings IV. Planting
Nitrogen uptake in cotton+greengram intercropping system as influenced by integrated nutrient management
Crop Res. 41 (1, 2 & 3) : 59-63 (2011) Printed in India Nitrogen uptake in cotton+greengram intercropping system as influenced by integrated nutrient management S. M. NAWLAKHE 1 AND D. D. MANKAR 2 Department
Soil Sampling for Nutrient Management
Soil Sampling for Nutrient Management Nutrient Management Factsheet No. 2 in Series Revised September 2010 Order Reference No. 631-500-1 For nutrient management, soil sampling is done to collect a soil
Self-Study Course. Continuing Education. Water balance and nitrate leaching under corn in kura clover living mulch
Earn 1 CEU in Soil & Water Management Water balance and nitrate leaching under corn in kura clover living mulch n the midwestern United States, corn production I is a dominant land use. In 2008, approximately
CHALLENGE 7. STRATEGIES AND TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE SOIL AND SUBSTRATE MANAGEMENT. Janjo de Haan (Wageningen UR) Alice Abjean-Uguen (CERAFEL)
CHALLENGE 7. STRATEGIES AND TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE SOIL AND SUBSTRATE MANAGEMENT Janjo de Haan (Wageningen UR) Alice Abjean-Uguen (CERAFEL) International year of the soil Soil and substrate crucial role
Inherent Factors Affecting Soil Nitrogen
Nitrogen (N) is the most abundant element in the atmosphere and is usually the most limiting crop nutrient. Nitrogen cycles through soil in various processes and forms. Some processes are necessary to
Harvesting energy with fertilizers
Harvesting energy with fertilizers Sustainable agriculture in Europe 1 Harvesting energy with fertilizers The reason for agriculture s existence is to supply energy to mankind. Agriculture converts solar
Pressure in Fluids. Introduction
Pressure in Fluids Introduction In this laboratory we begin to study another important physical quantity associated with fluids: pressure. For the time being we will concentrate on static pressure: pressure
Emerging BioFuel Crops and Technology Kurt Thelen Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan ABSTRACT
Emerging BioFuel Crops and Technology Kurt Thelen Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan ABSTRACT United States energy policy requires 36 billion gallons of ethanol by the year 2022, with 21
Crop rotation and legumes cultivation: Effective measures to increase the environmental performance and long-term viability of European agriculture.
Crop rotation and legumes cultivation: Effective measures to increase the environmental performance and long-term viability of European agriculture. Christine Watson (SAC), Donal Murphy-Bokern (DMB), Fred
SOIL HEALTH COVER CROPS RELAY CROPPING
SOIL HEALTH COVER CROPS RELAY CROPPING Sustainable Agriculture in North Dakota Tim Semler Extension Agent Farm Business Management 1 As a crop producer only Why grow a cover crop (CC)? CC pros: Prevented
ReUseWaste WP6.3 Assessment of soil quality effects and nutrient availability of manure ash and biochar based biofertilisers
ReUseWaste WP6.3 Assessment of soil quality effects and nutrient availability of manure ash and biochar based biofertilisers Athanasios Pantelopoulos Faculty of Science Department of Plant and Environmental
FUTURE CHALLENGES OF PROVIDING HIGH-QUALITY WATER - Vol. II - Environmental Impact of Food Production and Consumption - Palaniappa Krishnan
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOOD PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION Palaniappa Krishnan Bioresources Engineering Department, University of Delaware, USA Keywords: Soil organisms, soil fertility, water quality, solar
Beyond biological nitrogen fixation: Legumes and the Sustainable Intensification of smallholder farming systems
Beyond biological nitrogen fixation: Legumes and the Sustainable Intensification of smallholder farming systems B Vanlauwe, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya [with
Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity
Create Your Own Soil Profile Ac5vity Middle School: 5-8 Task Overview: Soil profile refers to layers of soil. A typical soil profile takes nearly 1,000 to 100,000 years to form. The formation of the soil
Cabrillo College Catalog 2015-2016
HORTICULTURE Natural Applied Sciences Division Wa Garner, Division Dean Division Office, Room 701 Peter Shaw, Department Chair, (831) 479-6241 Aptos Counsel: (831) 479-6274 f appointment Watsonville Counsel:
ANSWERS TO COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL LAND VALUE IN KANSAS
ANSWERS TO COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT AGRICULTURAL LAND VALUE IN KANSAS By The Ag Use Section Property Valuation Division (PVD) March 26 th 2013 General Questions: Who establishes the appraised value
AUTOMATED SOIL WATER TENSION-BASED DRIP IRRIGATION FOR PRECISE IRRIGATION SCHEDULING
AUTOMATED SOIL WATER TENSION-BASED DRIP IRRIGATION FOR PRECISE IRRIGATION SCHEDULING Sabine Seidel sabine.seidel@tu-dresden.de Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences,
Organic Gardening Certificate Program Quiz Week 3 Answer Key
Q uiz for week 3 readings: 1. The database on the Organic Weed management Website contains the following sections except: A. Picture B. Ecology C. Management D. Description 2. The weed quackgrass can reproduce
A SOIL TESTING SERVICE FOR FARMERS IN THAILAND, USING MOBILE LABORATORIES
A SOIL TESTING SERVICE FOR FARMERS IN THAILAND, USING MOBILE LABORATORIES Narong Chinabut Office of Science for Land Development Land Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok
Waterwise Landscaping: Designing a Drought-tolerant (and deer-resistant) Landscape and Garden
Waterwise Landscaping: Designing a Drought-tolerant (and deer-resistant) Landscape and Garden Basic principles of xeriscaping How to Design and Implement Plants and Practical Information UCCE Master Gardeners
CAPACITY OF CO 2 FIXATION OF MURCIAN CROPS
CAPACITY OF CO 2 FIXATION OF MURCIAN CROPS Prof. Micaela Carvajal Profesora de Investigación Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Introduction Methodology applied Results Conclusions
Worksheet for Calculating Biosolids Application Rates in Agriculture
PNW0511e Worksheet for Calculating Biosolids Application Rates in Agriculture Overview This bulletin will walk you through the calculations that yield the biosolids agronomic rate. This rate is based on
The Food-Energy-Water Nexus in Agronomy, Crop and Soil Sciences
The Food-Energy-Water Nexus in Agronomy, Crop and Soil Sciences February 4, 2016 In the fall of 2015 the Agronomy, Crop Science and Soil Science societies put out a call for white papers to help inform
Managing of Annual Winter Forages in Southwest Texas
r r r rr EDUCATION RESEARCH EXTENSION The Texas A&M University System Soil & Crop Sciences Managing of Annual Winter Forages in Southwest Texas Mr Charles Stichler Assocaite Professor and Extension Agronomist
AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES
AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 2 The Fremont School District uses oil to heat school buildings. Go Green! is a new project the district will implement. The superintendent has
The farm: Placed in the middle of Sealand 250 hektar 5000 pigs 30-110 kg produced Soiltype: JB 6
The farm: Placed in the middle of Sealand 250 hektar 5000 pigs 30-110 kg produced Soiltype: JB 6 (app. 14% clay, 14 silt, 45% fine sand, 27% sand) The principles of Conservation Agriculture (CA): - Minimum
suscon Green One application. 3 years control against grass grub. Grass grub damaged pasture
suscon Green One application. 3 years control against grass grub. Grass grub damaged pasture suscon Green is a dust free, controlled release granule that controls Grass Grub in newly established pasture
Agri Analysis Inc OUR ANALYTICAL TESTING SERVICES
Agri Analysis Inc a division of Pioneer Water Testing Laboratory Inc. OUR ANALYTICAL TESTING SERVICES FEED & FORAGE AGRONOMY & NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT Agri Analysis Inc is an independently owned and operated
FERTILISER RESPONSES OF MAIZE AND WINTER WHEAT AS A FUNCTION OF YEAR AND FORECROP
FERTILISER RESPONSES OF MAIZE AND WINTER WHEAT AS A FUNCTION OF YEAR AND FORECROP TAMÁS ÁRENDÁS 1, PÉTER BÓNIS 1, PÉTER CSATHÓ 2, DÉNES MOLNÁR 1 and ZOLTÁN BERZSENYI 1 1 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Impact of Water Saving Irrigation Systems on Water Use, Growth and Yield of Irrigated Lowland Rice
Agriculture, Environment and Food Security in the Context of Rice Impact of Water Saving Irrigation Systems on Water Use, Growth and Yield of Irrigated Lowland Rice W. M. W. Weerakoon, T. N. N. Priyadarshani,
TEZA DE DOCTORAT Mariana POPA SUMMARY
SUMMARY The doctorate thesis " The researches regarding the productivity of some wheat cultivars and the quality of bread manufacture in the ecological conditions from Dobrogea is based on the researches
GSB PROJECT. Latin American Vision The next 50 years SUSTAINABILITY: WATER USE, FERTILIZER, SOIL CARBON
GSB PROJECT The Latin American Convention of the Global Sustainable Bioenergy Project 23 to 25 March 2010 Latin American Vision The next 50 years SUSTAINABILITY: WATER USE, FERTILIZER, SOIL CARBON Heitor
AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES
AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 3 The active ingredients in many pesticides are chemical compounds that kill organisms such as insects, molds, and weeds. Proponents claim that
So far the effort, outlined in the state s Nutrient Reduction Strategy to reduce hypoxia in the Gulf, has been voluntary.
Push is on for Iowa to clean up its water State leaders are counting on farmers to adopt conservation practices to protect waterways, soil By Donnelle Eller, Des Moines Register; Nov. 9, 2013 EAGLE GROVE,
Environmental impacts of harvesting biomass from the Nordic forests. Nicholas Clarke Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute
1 Environmental impacts of harvesting biomass from the Nordic forests Nicholas Clarke Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute Background 2 Increased use of forest biomass for energy might lead to conflict
Understanding the. Soil Test Report. Client and Sample Identification
Understanding the Soil Test Report Page 1 of 7 Crops absorb the nutrients required from soil in order to grow, so ensuring that your soil is meeting the crops needs is critical. Having the proper level
Nutrient and Fertilizer Value of Dairy Manure
Agriculture and Natural Resources FSA4017 Nutrient and Fertilizer Value of Dairy Manure Jodie A. Pennington Professor - Dairy and Goats Karl VanDevender Professor - Waste Management John A. Jennings Professor
Farming at dairy farms (produktion på mælkelandbrug)
Farming at dairy (produktion på mælkelandbrug) Process description The present data refer to production on eight typical Danish Dairy in 2000, which combines dairy and (cash) crop production in a mixed
Sustainability Durum Wheat Production in Italy: Barilla Sustanable Farming Project
Bioeconomy and the Italian agrifood matrix Gli strumenti di politica industriale per la filiera agroalimentare Sala Cascina Merlata Expo 2015 Milano, 14 ottobre 2015 Sustainability Durum Wheat Production
Status of the World s Soil Resources
5 December 2015 Status of the World s Soil Resources The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils (ITPS), the main scientific advisory body to the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) hosted by the Food and
NO-TILL AND NITROGEN FIXING INOCULANTS
NO-TILL AND NITROGEN FIXING INOCULANTS Tom Wacek R & D Director for Urbana Laboratories St. Joseph, Missouri Nitrogen fixation is the utilization of the free gaseous nitrogen in the air by soil bacteria
primefacts Yield and digestibility of legume and oat forages Dr Brian Dear Principal Research Scientist
N S W D P I primefacts P R O F I T A B L E & S U S T A I N A B L E P R I M A R Y I N D U S T R I E S w w w. d p i. n s w. g o v. a u N O V E M B E R 2 0 0 5 P R I M E F A C T 5 2 Yield and digestibility
9DORULVDWLRQRIHIIOXHQWVRIPDQXUHSURFHVVLQJ
),1$/5(3257 9DORULVDWLRQRIHIIOXHQWVRIPDQXUHSURFHVVLQJ $%675$&7 5 01/12/2002 30/11/2004 &RORIRQ Project title: Project number: Client: Valorisatie van resteffluenten afkomstig van de mestverwerking, Verkorte
MICRO IRRIGATION A technology to save water
MICRO IRRIGATION A technology to save water 1. Introduction Efficient utilization of available water resources is crucial for a country like, India, which shares 17% of the global population with only
IMPORTANCE OF LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS IN STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE. Introduction
IMPORTANCE OF LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS IN STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE N. HARNOS 1, É. ERDÉLYI 2 and T. ÁRENDÁS 1 1 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, MARTONVÁSÁR,
Phosphorus use efficiency, grain yield, and quality of triticale and durum wheat under irrigated conditions
Proceedings of the 5 th International Triticale Symposium, Annex June 30 July 5, 2002, Radzików, Poland Phosphorus use efficiency, grain yield, and quality of triticale and durum wheat under irrigated
Land Use/Land Cover Map of the Central Facility of ARM in the Southern Great Plains Site Using DOE s Multi-Spectral Thermal Imager Satellite Images
Land Use/Land Cover Map of the Central Facility of ARM in the Southern Great Plains Site Using DOE s Multi-Spectral Thermal Imager Satellite Images S. E. Báez Cazull Pre-Service Teacher Program University
Virginia Street Tree Box Filters Demonstration Project
Virginia Street Tree Box Filters Demonstration Project HARVESTING WATER IN THE LANDSCAPE: IMPLEMENTING LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT November 16, 2007 Chris Conway, CPSWQ, Kennedy/Jenks Consultants E. Terri Svetich,
Academic Offerings. Agriculture
Academic Offerings This section contains descriptions of programs, majors, minors, areas of concentration, fields of specialization, and courses. Semesters following course titles indicate when each course
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in Agriculture Now a Real Option Guy Webb B.Sc. REM Agricultural Consultant
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in Agriculture Now a Real Option Guy Webb B.Sc. REM Agricultural Consultant The Pursuit of Protein and Profit All agricultural enterprises, in essence, are based on the pursuit
RICE CULTIVATION: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WATER SAVING APPROACHES
RICE CULTIVATION: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND WATER SAVING APPROACHES Ragab Ragab 1 Introduction Globally, rice is the most important food crop with more than 90% produced in Asia. In most of Asian countries,
THE PLANT KINGDOM: THE WATER CYCLE
THE PLANT KINGDOM: THE WATER CYCLE Material: The Water Cycle Nomenclature The Water cycle Model Water Ice Heat Source (lamp with a clamp) Tables Presentation 1: Key Experience 1. Say, Today we are going
Connected Farm Field Services. Dan Rooney InfoAg Conference, July 30, 2014
Connected Farm Field Services Dan Rooney InfoAg Conference, July 30, 2014 What is Connected Farm? Connected Farm is an integrated operations management solution that combines industry-leading hardware,
Measuring Soil Moisture for Irrigation Water Management
Measuring Soil Moisture for Irrigation Water Management FS 876 by Hal Werner, Extension irrigation engineer Irrigation water management requires timely application of the right amount of water. Competition
Understanding Feed Analysis Terminology
Understanding Feed Analysis Terminology One of the most important steps in developing a ration suitable for dairy animals is feed testing. It is essential to have a starting point in order to formulate
PEST MANAGEMENT (CSP Enhancements) January 2006 Enhancement Activity Task Sheet
Reduced risks to ground and surface water quality Lower costs by limiting chemical applications to only when necessary To learn more about Integrated Pest Management go to the following website: http://extension.usu.edu/files/gardpubs/ipm01.pdf
Using Web-based Software for Irrigation and Nitrogen Management in Onion Production: our Research Plan for 2013
Using Web-based Software for Irrigation and Nitrogen Management in Onion Production: our Research Plan for 2013 Andre Biscaro, Farm Advisor UCCE Los Angeles County Michael Cahn, Farm Advisor UCCE Monterey
Quality requirements for wood ash as K component in recycled NPK fertilizers
1 Quality requirements for wood ash as K component in recycled NPK fertilizers Trond Knapp Haraldsen 1 Eva Brod 2 Tore Krogstad 2 1Bioforsk Soil and Environment, Ås 2University of Life Sciences, Ås ASH
PROPOSALS TO REDUCE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF RESTITUTION AND DEFORESTATION ON AGRICULTURAL LAND IN THE SOUTH OF OLTENIA
Scientific Papers. Series A. Agronomy, Vol. LVI, 2013 ISSN 2285-5785; ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5793; ISSN Online 2285-5807; ISSN-L 2285-5785 PROPOSALS TO REDUCE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF RESTITUTION AND DEFORESTATION
SOIL EROSION FROM MODELLING TO MITIGATION: CAN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE BE A SOLUTION?
SOIL EROSION FROM MODELLING TO MITIGATION: CAN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE BE A SOLUTION? Giampaolo Sarno - Regione Emilia-Romagna D.G. Agriculture Francesca Staffilani - Regione Emilia-Romagna D.G. Environment
Drainage Water Management Phosphorus Loss from a Tile Drained Field in Northern New York. Justin Geibel, Eric Young, and Stephen Kramer
Drainage Water Management Phosphorus Loss from a Tile Drained Field in Northern New York Justin Geibel, Eric Young, and Stephen Kramer Tile Drainage Widespread use in US and NNY o Accessibility o Extends
Bioremediation. Introduction
Bioremediation Introduction In the twentieth century, the ever increase in the global human population and industrialization led to the exploitation of natural resources. The increased usage of heavy metals
Outline. What is IPM Principles of IPM Methods of Pest Management Economic Principles The Place of Pesticides in IPM
Improving Control Systems in Thailand for Plant and Plants Products Intended for Export to the European Union co-funded by the European Union and Thai Department of Agriculture Preharvest Use of Pesticides
Agricultural Water Conservation and Efficiency Potential in California
issue brief june 2014 IB:14-05-F Agricultural Water Conservation and Efficiency Potential in California Agriculture uses about 80 percent of California s developed water supply. As such a large user, it
SOIL TEST LEVELS AND NUTRIENT BUDGETS IN THE WESTERN U.S.
SOIL TEST LEVELS AND NUTRIENT BUDGETS IN THE WESTERN U.S. Robert L. Mikkelsen and Paul E. Fixen Potash & Phosphate Institute ABSTRACT The status of potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) nutrient concentrations
Bottom-up: Responding to climate change through livestock in integrated agriculture
Bottom-up: Responding to climate change through livestock in integrated agriculture Katrien van t Hooft, ETC Adviesgroep, Netherlands Personal introduction Veterinary medicine in Utrecht, NL MSc Management
What are the subsystems of the Earth? The 4 spheres
What are the subsystems of the Earth? The 4 spheres Essential Questions What are the 4 spheres of the Earth? How do these spheres interact? What are the major cycles of the Earth? How do humans impact
Appendix C. Re-vegetation and Rehabilitation Sub-Plan
Appendix C Re-vegetation and Rehabilitation Sub-Plan DRENNAN SOLAR ENERGY FACILITY REVEGETATION & REHABILITATION PLAN PRODUCED FOR ERM ON BEHALF OF SOLAIREDIRECT BY Simon.Todd@3foxes.co.za JUNE 2013 BACKGROUND
NEWS RELEASE. For more information, contact: Jenna Rose, jenna@rosemedia.biz, (573) 808-0815. July 23, 2015
NEWS RELEASE For more information, contact: Jenna Rose, jenna@rosemedia.biz, (573) 808-0815 July 23, 2015 Healthy Soil, Thriving Farmers: Soil Health Field Days Promote Agricultural Evolution Soil Health
Municipal Solid Waste Used as Bioethanol Sources and its Related Environmental Impacts
International Journal of Soil, Sediment and Water Documenting the Cutting Edge of Environmental Stewardship Volume 1 Issue 1 Article 5 7-14-2008 Municipal Solid Waste Used as Bioethanol Sources and its
Lecture Series in Water, Soil and Atmosphere (315.340) Unit 1: Interaction Soil / Vegetation / Atmosphere
Dept. Water, Soil & Atmosphere Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Lecture Series in Water, Soil and Atmosphere (315.340) Unit 1:
Soybean Marketing & Production College, Minneapolis, MN. isafarmnet.com
Soybean Marketing & Production College, Minneapolis, MN Peter Kyveryga, Ph.D. Operations Manager of Analytics On-Farm Network, Iowa Soybean Association Technical Editor-Precision Agriculture of the Agronomy