Table of Contents. Preface...xv. Part I: Introduction to Mental Health Disorders and Depression

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2 Table of Contents Visit to view A Contents Guide to the Health Reference Series, a listing of more than 16,000 topics and the volumes in which they are covered. Preface...xv Part I: Introduction to Mental Health Disorders and Depression Chapter 1 What Are Mental Health Disorders?... 3 Chapter 2 Brain Function, Biology, and Mental Health Disorders... 9 Chapter 3 Myths and Facts about Mental Health Disorders Chapter 4 Depression: Symptoms of the Most Common Mental Health Disorder Chapter 5 Statistics on Depression and Related Mental Health Disorders Section 5.1 Mental Health Disorders by the Numbers Section 5.2 One in Ten U.S. Adults Report Depression Section 5.3 Just over Half of Americans Diagnosed with Major Depression Receive Care Section 5.4 The Cost of Treating Mental Health Disorders v

3 Part II: Types of Depression Chapter 6 Major Depression Chapter 7 Dysthymia: Chronic Depression Chapter 8 Atypical Depression Chapter 9 Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Illness) Chapter 10 Depression during and after Pregnancy Chapter 11 Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder Chapter 12 Psychotic Depression Section 12.1 Major Depression with Psychotic Features Section 12.2 Schizoaffective Disorder Chapter 13 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) Part III: Who Develops Depression? Chapter 14 Men, Women, and Depression Section 14.1 The Gender Gap in Depression Section 14.2 Men and Depression Section 14.3 Women and Depression Chapter 15 Depression in Children and Adolescents Section 15.1 Understanding Depression in Children Section 15.2 Depression and High School Students Chapter 16 Depression in College Students Chapter 17 Depression in Older Adults Chapter 18 Mental Health Problems in Minority Populations Section 18.1 Facts about Latino Mental Health Section 18.2 Facts about African American Mental Health vi

4 Section 18.3 Facts about Asian American and Pacific Islander Mental Health Section 18.4 Facts about American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Chapter 19 Depression Related to Occupation Section 19.1 Depression among Adults Employed Full-Time Section 19.2 Depression in Military Veterans Chapter 20 Caregivers and Depression Chapter 21 Mental Health Problems in Prison Inmates Part IV: Causes and Risk Factors for Depression Chapter 22 What Causes Depression? Section 22.1 Overview of the Causes of Depression Section 22.2 Probing the Depression- Rumination Cycle Chapter 23 Stress, Resilience, and the Risk of Depression Section 23.1 Stress and Your Health Section 23.2 Resilience Factors and the Risk of Developing Mental Health Problems Section 23.3 DeltaFosB Mechanism Is Necessary for Resilience Chapter 24 Trauma as a Risk Factor for Depression Section 24.1 Depression, Trauma, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Section 24.2 History of Childhood Abuse or Neglect Increases Risk of Major Depression vii

5 Chapter 25 Unemployment, Poverty, and Depression Section 25.1 People with Depression Less Likely to Be Employed Section 25.2 Income Influences Postpartum Depression Chapter 26 Other Mental Health Disorders and the Relationship to Depression Section 26.1 The Relationship between Depression and Anxiety Section 26.2 Eating Disorders Frequently Coexist with Depression Chapter 27 Depression, Substance Use, and Addiction Section 27.1 Facts about Depression and Addiction Section 27.2 Depression and the Initiation of Cigarette, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use Section 27.3 Can Smoking Cause Depression? Chapter 28 Other Depression Risk Factors Section 28.1 Excessive Use of Internet Predicts Later Depression Section 28.2 Green Space Influences Depression and Anxiety Part V: Depression and Chronic Illness Chapter 29 Chronic Illness, Pain, and Depression Section 29.1 Chronic Illness Related to Increased Symptoms of Depression Section 29.2 Chronic Pain and Mental Health viii

6 Chapter 30 Depression and Autoimmune Diseases Section 30.1 Depression Often Coexists with Fibromyalgia Section 30.2 Tests Prove Fibromyalgia Is Not Depression Section 30.3 Depression and Lupus Chapter 31 Depression and Brain Injury Chapter 32 Depression and Cancer Chapter 33 Depression and Diabetes Chapter 34 Depression and Heart Disease Chapter 35 Depression and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Chapter 36 Depression and Multiple Sclerosis Chapter 37 Depression and Neurological Disorders Section 37.1 Depression and Alzheimer Disease Section 37.2 Depression and Parkinson Disease Chapter 38 Depression and Stroke Section 38.1 What to Do When Someone Experiences Depression after a Stroke Section 38.2 Behavioral Intervention Can Reduce Depression in Stroke Survivors Part VI: Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression Chapter 39 Depression Screening Self-Assessment Chapter 40 Diagnosing Depression Section 40.1 Talking to Your Doctor about Depression Section 40.2 Diagnostic Evaluation of Depression: What Your Doctor Should Do ix

7 Chapter 41 Paying for Mental Health Care Section 41.1 Finding Low-Cost Mental Health Care and Help Paying for Prescriptions Section 41.2 Medicare and Your Mental Health Care Benefits Chapter 42 Finding and Choosing a Therapist Chapter 43 Therapy for Depression Section 43.1 Psychotherapy (Talk Therapy) Section 43.2 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Section 43.3 Case-Managed Care Improves Outcomes for Depressed Patients Section 43.4 Telephone-Based Depression Treatment Program Effective While Cost Efficient Chapter 44 Mental Health Medications Section 44.1 Understanding Psychiatric Medications Section 44.2 Effects on Personality May Be Mechanism of Antidepressant Effectiveness Section 44.3 Rapid Antidepressant Works by Boosting Brain s Connections Section 44.4 Smoking Cessation Medicines and Antidepressants: The Risks Section 44.5 Serotonin Syndrome: A Risk of Taking Antidepressants x

8 Chapter 45 Combination Treatment Section 45.1 Combination Treatment for Psychotic Depression Holds Promise Section 45.2 Combination Therapy May Not Improve Odds of Remission among Chronically Depressed Chapter 46 Light Therapy for Seasonal Affective Disorder Section 46.1 What Is Light Therapy? Section 46.2 Properly Timed Light and Melatonin Lift Winter Depression by Syncing Rhythms Chapter 47 Alternative and Complementary Therapies Used for Depression Section 47.1 Acupuncture May Aid Depression during Pregnancy Section 47.2 Mindfulness Practice May Increase Ability to Cope with Difficult Emotions Section 47.3 St. John s Wort and Depression Section 47.4 Transcendental Meditation for Depression Section 47.5 Valerian Section 47.6 Yoga Might Improve Mood and Sense of Well-Being Chapter 48 Treating Depression in Children and Adolescents Section 48.1 Nearly Two Thirds of America s Adolescents with Depression Do Not Get Treatment Section 48.2 Taking Your Child to a Therapist xi

9 Section 48.3 Antidepressant Medications for Children and Adolescents: Information for Parents Section 48.4 Substance Use Associated with Low Response to Depression Treatment among Teens Section 48.5 Teens Who Recover from Hard-to-Treat Depression Still at Risk for Relapse Chapter 49 Treatment-Resistant or Relapsed Depression Section 49.1 What Is Treatment-Resistant Depression? Section 49.2 Causes of Depression Relapse Section 49.3 Brain Stimulation Therapies for Severe Depression: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Section 49.4 Hospital Stays Related to Depression Part VII: Strategies for Managing Depression Chapter 50 Understanding Mental Illness Stigma and Depression Triggers Section 50.1 Stigmas about Mental Illness Contribute to Depression Section 50.2 Depression Triggers: How to Prevent Them Chapter 51 Improving Your Quality of Life: Exercise, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Changes to Combat Depression Chapter 52 Building Resilience Section 52.1 The Road to Resilience Section 52.2 Building Resilience in Children and Youth Dealing with Trauma xii

10 Chapter 53 Building Self-Esteem and Self-Image Chapter 54 Dealing with Workplace Depression Chapter 55 Getting Through Tough Economic Times Chapter 56 Dealing with the Effects of Trauma Chapter 57 Grief, Bereavement, and Coping with Loss Chapter 58 Coping with the Holidays and Family Celebrations Chapter 59 Mental Health Support Groups Chapter 60 Helping a Family Member or Friend with Depression Part VIII: Suicide Chapter 61 Suicide in the United States Chapter 62 Suicide in Children, Teens, and Young Adults Section 62.1 Suicide in Children and Teens Section 62.2 Suicide on College Campuses Chapter 63 Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among Adults Chapter 64 Older Adults: Depression and Suicide Facts Chapter 65 Warning Signs of Suicide and How to Help Chapter 66 Coping after Someone You Love Has Attempted Suicide Part IX: Additional Help and Information Chapter 67 Glossary of Terms Related to Depression Chapter 68 Directory of Organizations That Help People with Depression and Suicidal Thoughts Index xiii