English. Universidad Virtual. Curso de sensibilización a la PAEP (Prueba de Admisión a Estudios de Posgrado) Parts of Speech. Nouns.

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1 English Parts of speech Parts of Speech There are eight parts of speech. Here are some of their highlights. Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Articles Verbs Adverbs Prepositions Conjunctions Click on any of the topics to find specific information. Press enter to see all the presentation. Nouns A noun is a name. A noun is the name for a person, a place, a thing, an idea, an activity, a feeling. 1

2 NOUNS Pronouns They are the words that substitute the nouns. Personal or subject pronouns (Before the verb) Object pronoungs (after the verb or a preposition) The chef grilled the meat. He grilled it. 2

3 Adjectives The adjectives are words that talk about the attributes of a person, place, thing, or activity. That is, adjectives modify nouns. Nouns can work as adjectives modifying another noun. Adjectives usually go before the noun they modify. Adjectives can come after a linking verb. Adjectives Adjectives usually go before the noun they modify. The sunny day invited to have a picnic. adjective noun Adjectives can come after a linking verb. The day is sunny. Verbs Verbs refer to an action (do, break, walk, etc.) or a state (be, like, own). Examples He does exercise every other day. She owns a house in Alabama. All sentences must contain one. 3

4 Verbs: Modals Modal verbs are used to express ideas such as possibility, intention, obligation and necessity. CAN, COULD, WILL, WOULD, SHALL, SHOULD, OUGHT TO, DARE and NEED are some examples. Prepositions A preposition is a word that links a noun, a pronoun or a gerund to other words, They can have a variety of meanings: Direction- We are going TO the mall. Location- The car is IN the garage. Time- They will come home AFTER the concert. Possession- The leg OF the table Conjunctions A type of word that is used to connect words or groups of words. Traditionally, conjunctions are used to connect words within a sentence. 4

5 In traditional English grammar, the types of conjunctions are as follows: coordinating conjunctions (which connect two words, sentences or phrases of equal grammatical status), Example: We can go to the movies or to the theater. Subordinating conjunctions (which subordinate a word or phrase to another) Examples: If I were sick, I would see a doctor. and Correlative conjunctions (which come in pairs) Either we go to the movies or we go to the theater. He neither came nor called to say he was not coming. 5

6 Adverbs Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. This very smart student studies quite hard for his exams. In the sentence, the adverb very modifies the adjective smart. the adverb hard modifies the verb studies. the adverb quite modifies the adverb hard. Articles There are three articles in English: a, an and the. They always go before a noun. A/an refers to countable singular nouns. They refer to any person, place or thing. I want a porter to help me carry my luggage. (It can be any of the porters working at the station) They wanted to have a nice, relaxing meal. The article the refers to a specific place, person or thing. The can be used with countable (singular and plural) and uncountable nouns. The video I watched was excellent. (Specific, singular, countable.) The sugar in my coffee is not enough. (specific, uncountable) The children played videogames. (specific, plural) 6